Issue: Newsletter 1 | July 1, 2025

Featured Randomised Trial of the Month

Paton NI, Cousins C, Sari IP, Burhan E, Ng NK, Dalay VB, et al. Efficacy and safety of 8-week regimens for the treatment of rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (TRUNCATE-TB): a prespecified  exploratory analysis of a multi-arm, multi-stage, open-label, randomised  controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2025 May 22. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00151-3

Featured Target Trial Emulation of the Month

Eriksen EM, Larsen L, Storgaard M, Mens H, Wiese L, Jepsen MPG, et al. Non-operative versus neurosurgical treatment of brain abscess: an emulated trial nested within a nationwide, population-based cohort. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 6. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaf304

Bacterial Infections

Kalizang’oma A, Chan JM, Kalua K, Bonomali F, Brown C, Msefula J, et al. Long-term effects of azithromycin mass administration to reduce childhood mortality on Streptococcus pneumoniae antimicrobial resistance: a  population-based, cross-sectional, follow-up carriage survey. Lancet Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 2. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00212-9

Lalanne S, Osmont MN, Triquet L, Morcet J, Marchand T, Houot R, et al. Cefepime Concentration-Toxicity Relationship in Hematological Patients Treated With Continuous Infusion: A Prospective Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 24. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaf205

Hamilton F, Lee TC, Davey Smith G, Hartwig FP, Butler-Laporte G. Does piperacillin-tazobactam increase mortality risk compared to cefepime? Collider bias and the importance of assumptions in instrumental variable analyses. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 24. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaf317

Bussini L, Bavaro DF, Brunetta E, Carella F, Accornero S, Rosselli del Turco E, et al. What is the impact of anti-enterococcal empirical therapy on survival of patients with enterococcal bloodstream infections? Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 18. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaf323

Clark SA, Heymer E, Campbell H, Ribeiro S, Lekshmi A, Lucidarme J, et al. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of meningococcal eye infections: retrospective national surveillance in England, 2010-2022. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 2. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaf274

De Jager V, Mockeliunas L, You H, Simonsson USH, Collings T, Upton CM, et al. A phase 2a study of the early bactericidal activity of rifampicin in combination with meropenem plus amoxicillin/clavulanate among adults with rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 2. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaf276

Yusuf E, Van Laethem J, de Bruijn JL, ten Raa S, Hites M, Peters EJG. Which trials do we need? A pragmatic randomized controlled trial on the duration of antibiotic therapy after debridement of midfoot region: fixed duration versus personalized approach. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2025 Jun 10. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2025.06.006

Fungal Infections

Maertens JA, Thompson GR, Spec A, Donovan FM, Hammond SP, Bruns AHW, et al. Olorofim for the treatment of invasive fungal diseases in patients with few or no therapeutic options: a single-arm, open-label, phase 2b study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 17. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00224-5

• Accompanying Editorial
  Paccou O, Lanternier F. Olorofim: addressing unmet needs of patients with difficult-to-treat fungal infections. Lancet Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 17. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00237-3
  

Moyo M, Lawrence DS, Jafali J, Molloy SF, Kumwenda J, Kanyama C, et al. Recent antiretroviral therapy initiation is associated with increased mortality risk in human immunodeficiency virus–associated cryptococcal meningitis: an analysis of clinical trial data from Africa. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jan 15. doi:10.1093/cid/ciae586

• Accompanying Letter to Editor
  Patamatamkul S. Should ART be interrupted in recently initiated persons with recently diagnosed HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis? Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 24. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaf226
  

• Authors' Reply
  Moyo M, Jarvis JN. ART management in cryptococcal meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 24. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaf227

Improving Clinical Trials

Johansen ND, Preiss D, Mafham M, Loiacono MM, Harris RC, Claggett BL, et al. Randomized experiment of recruitment letter design to maximize clinical trial enrollment. JAMA. 2025 Jun 25. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.9170

• Accompanying Editorial
  Ong SWX, Daneman N, Tong SYC. Trials within trials—optimizing the delivery of RCTs. JAMA. 2025 Jun 25. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.10107
  

Liu Y, Zhou K, Sims KD. Tipping point analysis: assessing the potential impact of missing data. JAMA. 2025 Jun 16. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.7420

Ong SWX, Mahar RK, Selman CJ, Pinto R, Davis JS, Fowler RA, et al. Making sense of hierarchical composite endpoints in randomized clinical trials—a primer for infectious disease clinicians and researchers. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 13. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaf314

Diagnostics

Horton S, Wilson ML, Cheung ANY, DeStigter K, Kohli M, Sayed S, et al. Moving the dial on diagnostics: an update from the Lancet Commission on diagnostics. Lancet. 2025;405(10496):2241-2254. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00804-9

Gupta S, Klompas M, Rhee C. Reassessing procalcitonin-guided antibiotic therapy in critically ill patients with sepsis: lessons from the ADAPT-Sepsis trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 20. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaf336

Wolk DM, Parrott JS, Babady NE, Mochon AB, Tom R, Diel C, et al. The American Society for Microbiology’s evidence-based laboratory medicine practice guidelines for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections using rapid tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2025 Jun 16. doi:10.1128/cmr.00137-24

Subedi S, Harris NAP, Hall L, Paterson LDP. Practical considerations for the implementation of syndromic panels and diagnostic stewardship in the era of syndromic panel testing. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2025 Jun 13. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2025.06.013

Review Articles

Sudarshan R, Sayo AR, Renner DR, de Saram S, Godbole G, Warrell C, et al. Tetanus: recognition and management. Lancet Infect Dis. 2025 Jun 18. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00292-0

Masters J, Goodman-Meza D, Russell D, Marks L, McCreary E, Jacka B, et al. Bacterial and fungal infections in persons who inject drugs. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2025 Jun 13. doi:10.1128/cmr.00162-23

Gómez-Junyent J, Lora-Tamayo J, Sorlí L, Murillo O. Challenges and strategies in the treatment of periprosthetic joint infection caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: a narrative review. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2025 Jun 18. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2025.06.015

General Interest

McIntyre L, Fergusson D, McArdle T, English S, Cook DJ, Fox-Robichaud AE, et al. A crossover trial of hospital-wide lactated Ringer’s solution versus normal saline. N Engl J Med. 2025 Jun 12. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2416761

Green A. King Kennard Holmes. Lancet. 2025 Jun 11. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01238-3